What do we know about the literacy skills of American Adolescents and Research Paper

What do we know about the literacy skills of American Adolescents and Adults - Research Paper Example This situation exposes women to a high rate of illiteracy in which they face ignorance and serious gender disparities. Aware of these difficult living conditions of women, government officials and international organizations set up adult literacy programs that offer women a second chance to get educated. Because of these adult programs, many women succeed in acquiring literacy that makes it possible for them to get paid jobs, experience empowerment and even contribute to implementing vital government programs. Introduction Education has been a problem for women in developing countries for a long time. Many women do not have access to education in many African and Asian countries. This lack of education is mainly due to cultural and traditional beliefs that motivate parents to keep their daughters at home to take care of domestic chores while boys are encouraged to attend school. This discrimination that starts at home grows and creates serious gender disparities in all aspects of the society. This phenomenon explains the low rates of literacy for women observed in many developing countries.The goals of literacy programmes should reflect this understanding.† Unfortunately, many women around the world do not fit in this definition because many of them do not know how to read and write and are still victim of gender disparities. ... Archer (2006) confirms this theory when he states that literary has a â€Å"dramatic impact on women's self-esteem, empowering them to unlock economic, social, cultural, and political resources.† Low Rates of Literacy for Women Despite various efforts to raise the rates of literacy in many developing countries, the rates are still low, especially for women: â€Å"On average throughout the world, 88 women are literate for every 100 men, but only 62 or even as few as 57 women for every 100 men in many countries in Western Asia† (Hinzen, 2007). These low rates explain the gender disparities observed in different aspects. These gender disparities have hindered the efforts to raise the literacy level because men and women are not treated equally. Reflecting on gender issues in Kenya, John Muiru &Mukuria (2005) observe: â€Å"Gender bias is deeply rooted in the cultural and traditional values that prescribe roles based on gender and also discriminate against women as far as ownership of property is concerned.† In many patriarchal societies, women undergo real discrimination that puts them at disadvantage compared to men. Aware of the disparity, government officials have tried the reverse the situation: â€Å"The struggle to attain gender equity in literacy has led to putting too much emphasis on women as the target group of adult literacy programs† (Muiru & Mukuria, 2005). â€Å"Illiteracy is seen as an impediment to adults' successful functioning in daily life, to individual advancement, and to full participation in society. At its worst illiteracy is also associated with ignorance, inability and dependency, all perceived to be characteristic of uneducated or low

Gow Rhetorical Analysis Essay Example for Free

Gow Rhetorical Analysis Essay Chapter 19 of the book The Grapes of Wrath presents historical background on the development of land ownership in California, and traces the American settlement of the land taken from the Mexicans. Fundamentally, the chapter explores the conflict between farming solely as a means of profit making and farming as a way of life. Throughout this chapter, Steinbeck uses a wide variety of persuasive techniques including parallelism, diction, and metaphors to convey his attitude about the plight of migrants migrating to California. This chapter is filled with parallelism. The Californians wonder â€Å"what if [the okies] won’t scare,† (236) and â€Å"what if they stand up† (236) and â€Å"shoot back† (236). Here, Steinbeck is pointing out the natives’ fears and hinting about the migrant’s bravery. He also makes a distinct contrast between the recently arrived Okies who believe that they â€Å"ain’t foreign† (233) and the Californians. Perceiving themselves as coming from a similar background as the rest of the inhabitants of the Golden State, the Okies insist on similar rights; however, the natives believe that although the Okies â€Å"talk the same language† (236) they â€Å"ain’t the same† (236). This knowledge that they deserve the same decencies as any other American citizens gives strength and credence to their demands. Steinbeck makes the Okies appear more dangerous to the California natives and hints that they have the power and ambition to seize the land if they come together. Steinbeck uses diction to prove that the Okies are great people, and that they might be unstoppable if they come together. Steinbeck talks about a boy who dies from â€Å"black tongue† (239) as a result of â€Å"not gettin’ good things to eat† (239). When the Okies learn that the boy’s â€Å"folks can’t bury him† (239) since they have to go to the â€Å"county stone orchard† (239) to do so, their â€Å"hands [go] into† their â€Å"pockets and little coins [come] out† Although, the Okies have barely got enough food to feed their own families, they will not hesitate to help a person in need. Steinbeck is trying to prove how these â€Å"people are good people†(239) and that they are â€Å"kind† (239) no matter how poor they are. In the end of this chapter, he talks about how they constantly pray to God that someday â€Å"kind people won’t all be poor† (239) and that someday â€Å"a kid can eat† ( 239). Steinbeck points out that â€Å"someday the praying would stop† and get answered. In addition to parallelism and diction, he also uses metaphors in his writing. In this chapter he tries to show how desperate the Okies really are by comparing them to â€Å"ants† (233) that are â€Å"scurrying for work, for food,† (233) and most importantly â€Å"for land† (233). He also mentions why the natives are so terrified of the Okies. The natives are scared for their faith because they picture the Okies as armies. They fear the day that the Okies will march on their land â€Å"as the Lombards did in Italy† (236) or â€Å"as the Germans did on Gaul† (236) or as â€Å"Turks did on Byzantine† (236). By making these comparisons between these armies and the Okies, Steinbeck is trying to convey the migrants as powerful. All in all, Steinbeck uses Parallelism, diction, and metaphors to convey the migrants as powerful, caring, and desperate.

Cultural Adjustment :: essays papers

Cultural Adjustment "An analysis of cultural shocks" Coming to America was one of my dreams, so I started working on it and after completing collage, I received the visa for the States and bought the ticket to come to America. I was a little bit confused because I had been hearing about America since my childhood. There is a huge cultural difference between my society and the modern society of the States, and because of these differences, my friends and I faced some problems after coming here. These problems are commonly called cultural shocks. By analyzing the differences between America and my own country of Pakistan, in the areas of gender roles, family, marriage and celebrations, one can see how cultural shocks occur. Since my birth, I have been living in a society where the men and women are not all to interact with each other as over here. It is one of the biggest differences in my culture and the culture here. There are usually separate classes for girls and boys in my society, but over here, there is no concept of this. In addition, I know you will surprise to earn that having a boyfriend for a girl or a girlfriend for a boy is a difficult achievement. In my society there is a joint family system, the children live together with their parents whether they are under 18 or not. Over here, there is a concept of "individualism". Every one has an individual life, making their own decisions for every thing. Here, a person over 18 living with his parents is considered an immature person. In my culture, a person not living with his parents doesn't have a respectable place in the society, because it is our social and religious custom to take care of our parents. Divorce is common here, but in my society it's not good to even think about it. People are divorced, but not as commonly as over here. For example, among every 100 married people, perhaps just one is divorced, but over here out of hundred, about fifty are divorced or separated. Also, some couples live together without a legal marriage. One day, I went to a wedding ceremony with my uncle .It was one of his friends' weddings. I just sat there, wondering when the people would sing songs and when the lunch would start, but after kissing each other, my uncle's friend and his wife went on a long drive in their car with a poster on the back saying, "Just got married". It was really surprising for me to attend a wedding like this, because in my culture,

Vietnam Essay -- essays research papers

Prior to the start of our study of the Vietnam Era, I thought that I knew quite a bit about the Vietnam War and the overall time period. But after listening to some guest speakers and reading Tim O'Brien's The Things They Carried, I discovered that I knew hardly anything, and that most of what I did know was pretty much insignificant. These past weeks were not only extremely educating, but it was also very interesting. I learned more than I ever thought I would, mostly through the people that know it best, those who lived through it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The most important thing I learned about Vietnam and the time period in which it took place, is that it was so confusing. It seems as if nobody really knew what was going on or what they were supposed to be doing. It also seems that even the people who fought in the war didn't believe that our presence was right. They knew nothing about the terrain, the Vietnamese culture, or even how to fight the North Vietnamese. And when they thought that they had things somewhat under control and that they could kind of anticipate the North Vietnamese, the NVA changed everything with the TET offensive. So they ended up pretty much knowing nothing about anything.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The war not only hard on the soldiers, but it was also hard on their loved ones. The hardest thing for those who were left behind was the waiting and the not knowing. Wives and parents didn't know whether their loved one were alive or dead...

Sand Maker of Hxjq Installs and Runs Smoothly and Easily

Hongxing impact crushers are the heavy type equipment, and also called sand making machines. The installation and operation both have fixed ruels and instructions. Generally speaking, if you install and use the sand making euqipment according to the following instructions, the equipment using life, product quality and personal safety can be guaranteed. OK, let's list the attentions when installing and operating a sand making machine. A. When installation, adjust the horizontal position. The machine must have the basic conditions: 1) feeding materials sequent . ) large pieces of materials can return back to the machine. 3) there is the lifting equipment upon the machine and it can lift the machine conveniently. 4) there is enough space to check up on one side of crusher. B. Common ruels when operating the sand maker. 1. Preparation works before start-up Sand making machine has a trial run for 4 hours in factory and all parts are in order. However, you must check up the machine again b efore start-up. 1) Check up turntable is balanceable or not, that is, wearing parts is installed in a whole set or not . ) The position of triangle belt is suitable or not, that is, strain is suitable or not. 3) All parts are connected steadily or not, and screws are fastened or not 1-4 Check up if there is a tool or sundries in the machine. Close the inspection door and plug into safety bolt. Don't open inspection door when operation. 1-5 Check up the running direction of engine and turntable is correct or not: anticlockwise rotation from the feeding port 1-6 Check up lubrication is enough or not. 2. Start-up without load ) Ammeter is working or not . 2) The control system: Y/' reducing the pressure start-up; Y/' time transfer relay should be adjusted as 50S or so. 3) Start-up of double electrical machine: Stand-alone start-up and Two engine start-up. You can choose the start-up according to the power of electric network. 3. Start-up with load. 1) Feed the materials after the machi ne have a successful trial run without load and the running of engine becomes ‘ type. 2) Max Feed Grain Size must be executed strictly according to instruction. ) You'd better put in the materials less than 5 mm at the beginning of start-up ( at least in half a minute) so that it can form protection layer in the machine. 4) When you feed the materials at the beginning, there will be a 30-60 seconds imbalance the machine. However, you mustn't stop the machine at once and that feed more materials until the vibration disappears. If there is violent shock and abnormal noise, you should stop the machine to check up carefully. 5) You'd better add magnetic separator beside feeding advice for fear that iron damages the machine chamber in the machine. ) Max electric current value is not exceed rated current one of running motor when feeding the materials. If the humidity of raw materials is too high, it maybe block the feed opening of central flow and overflow port of scattered flow an d influence electric current value. The electric current value is too high and can't be lower because the overflow port of scattered flow is blocked. Contrarily, the feed opening of central flow is blocked. You must stop the machine to clean up all feed openings and then work sequentially. ) Dual drive motor must regulate and bring the strain of two groups of triangle belts into harmony. Look into two groups of electric current value of motor is accord or not. 4. Stop the machine 1) You must stop feeding the materials before stopping the machine. 2) The ammeter should be without load before stopping the machine. impact crusher: http://www. hxjqchina. com/product-list_12. html sand making machine: http://www. hxjqchina. com/product-list_57. html sand maker: http://www. hxjqchina. com/product-list_57. html magnetic separator: http://www. hxjq-crusher. com/60. html

Undertaker

Undertaker Undertaker Undertaker By Maeve Maddox After reading my recent article on caretakers and caregivers, a reader asks, How about explaining the particular use of another kind of â€Å"taker†-an undertaker, as in mortician or funeral director. If the business that is being â€Å"undertaken† [is] that of burying the dead, why don’t we call other professional services such as banker, realtor, physician, â€Å"undertakers† as well? The easiest answer to this question is that at one time we could have used the word for other service providers, but in current usage, undertaker has dwindled to only its present specialized meaning. In the 14th century, an undertaker was a â€Å"helper.† Wycliffe translated Psalm 53:6 as â€Å"The Lord is undertaker of my soul.† In the 17th century, undertaker had more than one meaning: an investor a person who acts as security for someone else in a business undertaking a baptismal sponsor. In the 19th century, undertaker could refer to: a subcontractor an investor. a book-publisher a play producer Undertaker with the meaning, â€Å"one who makes a business of carrying out the arrangements for funerals† was already in use in 1698. By 1884, someone could write, â€Å"You look as solemn as an undertaker.† Such is the human aversion to death that words closely associated with burial tend to be abandoned for other uses. The noun shroud, for example, started out in English with the meaning of â€Å"clothing.† In Aelfric’s translation of Genesis 45:22, God gives Adam and Eve â€Å"twa scrod† (two shrouds) to cover themselves. By the 16th century, shroud had taken on the meaning of â€Å"white cloth or sheet in which a corpse is laid out for burial; a winding-sheet.† Note: Shroud in the sense of â€Å"a set of ropes, usually in pairs, leading from the head of a mast and serving to relieve the latter of lateral strain† was in use in the 15th century. The ropes â€Å"clothed† the mast. Coffin is another word that started out with a general meaning that had nothing to do with death: â€Å"basket.† In a 14th century sermon referencing the miracle of the loaves and fishes, the left-over food filled â€Å"twelve coffins,† but by 1525, coffin had taken on the specific meaning of â€Å"the box or chest in which a corpse is enclosed for burial.† In the United States, funeral directors came to feel that the word coffin was too creepy for consumers, so they decided to change the name to a more pleasant word: casket. In its original sense, a casket is â€Å"a small box or chest for jewels, letters, or other things of value, itself often of valuable material and richly ornamented.† For example, the Franks Casket in the British Museum is a beautiful little 8th century chest made of whale’s bone and carved with scenes depicting the Adoration of the Magi, the Emperor Titus, Romulus and Remus, and Weyland Smith. The coffin-to-casket evolution in the U.S. is an example of a pretty word taken as a euphemism for something unpleasant, which in time comes to acquire the same unpleasantness it was supposed to obscure. At least one meaning that used to be attached to undertaker is still to be found in another â€Å"under† word, underwriter. Sometimes public radio announcers refer to their sponsors as underwriters. And in one sense, we are all â€Å"undertakers† when we undertake a new project. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Rhetorical Devices for Rational Writing10 Colloquial Terms and Their MeaningsHow Do You Fare?

Fedex supplier evaluation Essays

Fedex supplier evaluation Essays Fedex supplier evaluation Paper Fedex supplier evaluation Paper Hence, it has introduced measures like detailed supplier scorecard to evaluate supplier performance for goods, services and fuel. This supplier scorecard maintains a level of uniformity among the many supply management groups and is available to all its suppliers and employees through its intranet. The scorecards for suppliers are maintained by buyers or supply chain specialists and the completed scorecards are stored in a central database so that hey can be reviewed at any time. Based on these scorecards, supply chain analysts perform many analyses like identifying suppliers who fail to meet the delivery requirements. Hence, this measurement supports Feeders supplier development and improvement efforts. Initially there was a separate scorecard template for each of goods, services and fuel which are now combined now into a single robust scorecard template. Buyers or the supply chain specialists who manage the scorecard of a supplier can adjust weights within the performance categories to meet the needs of arches requirement. Though the system is highly flexible to adjust category and weights, there are some scorecard rules that needs to be followed The diverse supplier development performance category should be Included In each evaluation as it is a corporate requirement The sum of the selected weights should be 100 Calculating score of a category: Sub Items In a category are scored from 0-5 and the average of the scores of the sub Items gives the average score of the category. : The average score of the category Is then multiplied with the weight to get the total score f the category The total scores of the categories are then added to arrive at a score between 0-500 representing the below designations 500-450 Platinum 449_400 399-350 349-300 Gold Silver Bronze faded supplier evaluation By Tamari supplier development performance category should be included in each evaluation Calculating score of a category: Sub items in a category are scored from 0-5 and the average of the scores of the sub items gives the average score of the category. The average score of the category is then multiplied with the weight to get the total score

Jane Eyre Is A Feminist Novel Essay Example

Jane Eyre Is A Feminist Novel Essay Example Jane Eyre Is A Feminist Novel Paper Jane Eyre Is A Feminist Novel Paper In the early nineteenth century, which was when Bronte wrote the book, men were considered to be superior to women and therefore played a much more dominant role in society whereas women were secondary and thought to be merely appendages to men. The heroine of the novel Jane Eyre contradicts the role women played as she is brave enough to say â€Å"no† to the social conventions and instead play the role that she wants to play instead of the role she â€Å"should† portray. As the author of this classic, Charlotte Bronte is thought to be a pioneer of the feminist movement. This essay is to explore the aspects of feminism and the oppression of men within the novel to explain why the book is considered to be a feminist novel. Jane was oppressed by four different men during the novel although in different ways. The first of these was her cousin John Reed, who tormented and bullied young Jane because she was an orphan. She did nothing to ignite his rage and was unable to do anything but withstand it. â€Å"Accustomed to John Reed’s abuse, I never had an idea of replying to it: my care was how to endure the blow which would certainly follow the insult†, this quotation shows how Jane never once thought to retaliate to his words or actions, reflecting the fact that it was a woman’s place to do as she was told and not as she wanted. It was only after John’s harsh reminders of her past that it was as if she could withstand no more, â€Å"Wicked and cruel boy! †Cried she, symbolising her determination to fight against this unfair world. This is the first representation of feminism in the book. However, despite the reasons for Jane’s actions, she is later reprimanded and punished for it, is this the consequence of her standing up to a male figure or is it a reflection of their individual social class? Later Jane experiences oppression at the hands of Mr Brocklehurst, the treasurer and manager of Lowood School, of which Jane attends. Mr Brocklehurst represents those who obtained a very strong belief in the women-inferiority theory, which he expresses when he says, â€Å"My plan in bringing up these girls is†¦to render them hardy, patient, self-denying† and also through his actions of allowing the girls no luxuries, be it in food, or clothing, etc. It appeared to be his opinion that women should live a simple life perhaps in order to depend on men. He insults Jane in the novel and says she is evil and should be shunned by her peers despite the lack of proof for his statement he is not overruled or ignored because of his superiority because he appears as quite a threatening character or simply because he is a man. The main male protagonist in the novel, Edward Rochester, although undeniably in love with Jane seemed to try and control her slightly, for example he seems to want to change Jane through buying her several dresses, etc. Which are overly extravagant compared to her own plain and standard wardrobe. In trying to change her appearance it is as if he is trying to also change Jane as a person and perhaps by receiving the clothes she would have been accepting his dominance over her and so by refusing his offer she is showing herself as a strong individual who seeks equality. Her final oppressor, St. John had quite strong opinions of the purpose of women and thought that a woman’s worth was only recognised only when she devoted her life to a man. He thought that it was an honour for Jane, if she married him and helped him with his work in India. He assumed that Jane would undoubtedly agree to his proposal because it was what a ‘good woman’ should do, however Jane declined because she wanted a marriage based on love not convenience. The character of Miss Blanche Ingram is portrayed as a sharp contrast to that of Jane because she represents how a typical woman of this time period would act. All she wanted was to find a wealthy husband to serve and to bare his children. She believed – as did most – that marriage should be established within social ranks and money and that husbands and children were a woman`s whole world. Women had no control in their lives or even over their bodies; they had no idea of their value they were just a possession belonging to a man. Whilst some women were quite content just to follow this regime, some like Jane were unhappy with the obvious dominance of men and henceforth the obvious lack of equality between the two genders and so I believe that the characteristics and beliefs of Jane are what most strongly equate to this being a feminist novel. To conclude I believe that there are several reasons and points within the book that successfully suggests that Jane Eyre is a feminist novel, but I think most prominent and perhaps obvious is the overall character of Jane and how she breaks out of the mould of the typical woman with her independent and intelligent actions. When reading the novel, women of that time would perhaps look to Jane as a heroine and feel inspired that there is may be more to a woman than merely a wife and a mother, but a strong, independent individual.

Nutri Natural, Herbal and Vitamin Supplements Research Paper

Nutri Natural, Herbal and Vitamin Supplements - Research Paper Example In addition, many organizations are watching the growth of this demand and competition is already building. Therefore, market positioning and efficiency in marketing company products has become more relevant. For a company such as Nutri that intends to launch their online retail sale of natural, herbal and food vitamins, it is crucial to understand the market dynamics, distribution and the nature of competition within the market to be successful. Notably, the UK food supplements market is complex, and brand positioning is a necessary effort. In the past ten years, it is evident that the demand for supplements and vitamins has grown considerably and is already at a plateau phase. Approximately, the Food and Supplements market will reach $786 million within the next five years. Therefore, there is an opportunity for investment in this industry. UK enjoys stable economic growth and the low rates of unemployment in the country points out that the public have a well-grounded purchasing power (Ritchie 2-7). If this continues in the near future, it is obvious that the food supplements market will grow in tandem with the public demand. To this end, the economic perspective of the US food supplements market favors Nutri’s intention to launch their food supplements market. The social-cultural factors appear to be the main drivers of the demand for food supplements in the UK market. The high rates of obesity and health-related diseases have triggered a sudden change in the diet behavior in the UK. UK is among some of the countries have high rates of health-related diseases in the world due to high consumption of energy-rich foods. This trend has seen many health organizations as well as the government launch public awareness programs in the world to warn the public against unhealthy feeding habits. Consequently, the public is becoming aware of the need to

Independent Study Php vs Asp.net Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 8000 words

Independent Study Php vs Asp.net - Dissertation Example Determining the different properties that controls the degree of scaling also provide a strong prove that the scalability scope entirely depend on the ability of the programmer to come up with a program that is error free and can be expanded. The difference in their cost is brought about by the fact that PHP is an open source programming language while ASP.net is commercial. The ability of the previous to run on a number of flat form such as Linux, Apache, and mySQL makes to be preferred since the cost is relatively low. As far as the time that it takes to deploy the program, PHP code is half that of ASP.net. This again gives the previous an advantage over the lather. In general the choice of the language greatly relay of the organizations need and their financial ability in terms of fund that has been set aside for the project. The following is a critical analysis of the different factors of the two languages. . PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor is a language that is categorized as server -side. This means that the scenario works on the server that is used on the web, and not on the browser of the user. Compared to other scripting languages like Perl and Java, PHP is still new but is fast becoming one of the most popular programming languages?on the Internet 1. ... When a programmer is creating a program, he or she should ensure that the program can be modified to change how it works. As a professional programmer, one knows thee different programming techniques and methodologies. To ensure that the program that you develop can address the issues of maintenance and scalability, one should use the best programming practices that best serves the web-based application. The programming framework also cannot be undermined since it is a basic factor that will affect the scalability and ease of maintenance. A program that has a sequential structure can be expanded so easily and at the same time, any weakness that can be realized when the program or rather the system has been implemented can be corrected without having to come up with a completely new version. Lastly are the laid programming standards and instructions which are always overlooked by many programmers. Though the impact of this factor is not realized during the deployment of the program, i t is so evident when it comes to maintenance of a program. The standards stipulate the minimum threshold and requirement for specific programs and also the implication of ignoring some steps that may seem unimportance. These guidelines will also become the basis of scaling a program. PHP can be expanded with a lot of ease. Any programmer who can code in C can create more functions that can be integrated in the major program and having less effects on the functionality of the program. In addition, there are other code and program manipulation that asp d not have but are inbuilt in PHP. Some features such as data compression and fusion, file transfer protocol, XML and encryption ate inbuilt in

Political Science Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Political Science - Coursework Example In addition, there is science in political science especially in the field of theory that basically relies on normative valuations of the politics, the involved techniques and the theories that depend on normative analysis of political procedures and the possible consequences. In political science, most of the work entails quantitative and qualitative study of any representations or statistics from experimental sources. Political science tries to analyze the political processes, philosophies and actors as being both a science and an art. Therefore political science is a social science that is apprehensive with the general society as well as the behaviors of human beings (Kevin, 2012). The myth that the situation in our self-governing capitalist society is politically impartial, this implies that it is accessible as a set of institutes and mechanisms to of any kind group earns an election. The age of Reason (Enlightenment) was accompanied with the people considering that the cognitive ability of men would perhaps lead them to peace, safety, an upright government and perfect society. The age of Reason had a primary role exposing the insufficiencies of the current government. Though, there was a variance in viewpoint in the issue modern organizations. Some people were in favor of the authoritarian system of governing, whereas others contrasted the State. The followers of an authoritarian state and the public had no idea that men are logically reasonable and good enough allowing them to be reliable in the achievement of an impulsive collaboration (Kevin, 2012). A strong theory is one that can be proven wrong, this is because theories can be proven wrong via the use of facts that are contrary in a credible manner. Researchers continue to carry out various researches, for this reason a good theory is one that researchers will try to come up with new evidence that tries to question it. A good instance is

A critical analysis of Ulrich's Model Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

A critical analysis of Ulrich's Model - Essay Example David Ulrich, the father of Ulrich model brought a new dimension to the practice of human resource management. He came up with a model or approach which re-defined the whole structure of functioning of human resource department. The aim of Ulrich was to bring about a change in the working process of the HR in order to make it more organized and structured. David Ulrich being a professor and an expert in human resource management gave rise to handful of principles and ideas for the upgrading of the HR working system. He is of the notion that the intangible elements of an organization play a very big role in the growth and value of a company. The model originated by Ulrich focused on allowing the human resource personnel to be more expanding and flourishing in the area of business. His ideas imparted more life to the human resource field that it became more valued and treasured. The current market utilizes his model in a very effective manner in order to change the overall face of thei r respective organization. Ulrich model enhanced the flexibility and workability of the business firms along with more growing opportunity to the staff and management. For the success of a given business, the approached defined by Ulrich has to be applied in a balanced way. Ulrich proves that employees in HR department can very well reach the status of an entrepreneur if works according to specific rules and design. Four Role Model by Ulrich The four role model of Ulrich throw light upon four main key elements: a) Strategic partner b) Change agent c) Employee champion d) Administrative expert. a)Strategic partner: It is all focused on the aligned working of the HR department by giving due consideration to international business standards, internal management system and business growth. Even though it looks conventional, it demands a lot of hard work and focusing from the HR staff. This role received more attention than other ones and were more applied by organization in their HR fun ctioning. It can be definitely argued that the line managers in the present organizations are playing the role of strategic partners. In the present organizational structure to contribute to the planning functions is very essential thing. Being a strategic partner allows the managers and heads of the HR field to contribute to business planning and strategy formulating. b) Change agent: By this aspect Ulrich mean that any organization should have the capacity to change and accept transition phase with ease. This is a very important area which needs to be concentrated by the organizations in order to expand and grow according to the changing global market trends and situation. This highlights exceptional capabilityof the HR professionals in being flexible so as to provide ideas to face changes occurring in the operational phase of the business firm.This aspect will allow the business leaders in overcoming problems raised due to change factor. The role of HR staff as a change agent is very valuable as it encourages and motivates the organization to take change as a challenge and bring positive outcome out of it. This also decreases chaos and disorganization among the employees and managerial heads. c) Employee champion: By this role the Ulrich means that the HR should be efficient in advocating the employees as and when needed and also should support and guide them when the company is undergoing change. This is very crucial role as it does not leave the employees ignored and rejected about the activities going on in the firm. The main focus of this role is to bring a right balance between the resources provided by the company and expectations of the employees. This brings about competency and efficiency among employees and also helps them in resolving their issue and problems faced in the organization on a routine basis. d) Administrative expert: According to this role, the HR staff performs the function of recruiting the employees or hiring them and handles the compensation issues, training

Karl Marx on Labor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Karl Marx on Labor - Essay Example Marx therefore, was primarily concerned with the way in which people are related to the ‘means of production’ (Morrison 44) which embodies anything that people use in order to survive; in other words anything that provides the means by which man can â€Å"obtain livelihoods, produce income and acquire needs† (Morrison 44), such as tools, raw materials, employment that provides monetary rewards and land that provides food, drink and fuel. Further to Marx’s concept of means of production is that a person’s relationship to it, ascertains their position in society, their class (Ebeling 9). One class however, according to Marx has owned and controlled the means of production all through history; thus society is divided into classes based on economic status, with the owners of the means of production becoming the ruling class. His theory therefore, posits that the forces of production are conveyed through social relationships that are autonomous of individ ual purpose or will. Marx called the ruling class the bourgeois society and defined them as those who live on the profits of the labour of others; the important point here is that for Marx, the possession of money does not in itself define bourgeoisie but by the fact that the money is increased by the employment and exploitation of other people’s labour . ... For Marx, the social relationship is not only exploitative but is also contradictory, wherein the concerns of each party are opposed to each other (Quigley 3). He further argued that such a class system then was typified by dispute and class struggles (Giddens & Held 151) focussed on elements that encourage divides and disparities. In fact for Marx, every aspect of society is based on such factors; government, family, institutions and religion all help to promote and justify advantage and control for some at the detriment of others. His theories of conflict and power propose that capitalism manipulates the market and becomes more and more powerful, and that they endeavour to dominate not only the financial systems via means of production but also the political policies and government (Smith and Rickett 952). It is the ideologies of the ruling class that prevail within a capitalist regime and therefore the workers or proletariat are seen merely as an object of commodity (Quigley 2) an d simply a means to an end; in other words, profit for the ruling class. The proletariat, with no choice or control over production or distribution of the products they produce is therefore, according to Marx, disconnected from that which they manufacture and work on and they are only able to receive a small wage for that labour; thus what they produce does not belong to them in any way (Quigley 2). This separation from the product the workers produce is what Marx calls alienation of labour. Marx noted four aspects of alienation in terms of labour, the first of which is separation of the worker from the product they produce; these products within

A critical analysis of Ulrich's Model Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

A critical analysis of Ulrich's Model - Essay Example David Ulrich, the father of Ulrich model brought a new dimension to the practice of human resource management. He came up with a model or approach which re-defined the whole structure of functioning of human resource department. The aim of Ulrich was to bring about a change in the working process of the HR in order to make it more organized and structured. David Ulrich being a professor and an expert in human resource management gave rise to handful of principles and ideas for the upgrading of the HR working system. He is of the notion that the intangible elements of an organization play a very big role in the growth and value of a company. The model originated by Ulrich focused on allowing the human resource personnel to be more expanding and flourishing in the area of business. His ideas imparted more life to the human resource field that it became more valued and treasured. The current market utilizes his model in a very effective manner in order to change the overall face of thei r respective organization. Ulrich model enhanced the flexibility and workability of the business firms along with more growing opportunity to the staff and management. For the success of a given business, the approached defined by Ulrich has to be applied in a balanced way. Ulrich proves that employees in HR department can very well reach the status of an entrepreneur if works according to specific rules and design. Four Role Model by Ulrich The four role model of Ulrich throw light upon four main key elements: a) Strategic partner b) Change agent c) Employee champion d) Administrative expert. a)Strategic partner: It is all focused on the aligned working of the HR department by giving due consideration to international business standards, internal management system and business growth. Even though it looks conventional, it demands a lot of hard work and focusing from the HR staff. This role received more attention than other ones and were more applied by organization in their HR fun ctioning. It can be definitely argued that the line managers in the present organizations are playing the role of strategic partners. In the present organizational structure to contribute to the planning functions is very essential thing. Being a strategic partner allows the managers and heads of the HR field to contribute to business planning and strategy formulating. b) Change agent: By this aspect Ulrich mean that any organization should have the capacity to change and accept transition phase with ease. This is a very important area which needs to be concentrated by the organizations in order to expand and grow according to the changing global market trends and situation. This highlights exceptional capabilityof the HR professionals in being flexible so as to provide ideas to face changes occurring in the operational phase of the business firm.This aspect will allow the business leaders in overcoming problems raised due to change factor. The role of HR staff as a change agent is very valuable as it encourages and motivates the organization to take change as a challenge and bring positive outcome out of it. This also decreases chaos and disorganization among the employees and managerial heads. c) Employee champion: By this role the Ulrich means that the HR should be efficient in advocating the employees as and when needed and also should support and guide them when the company is undergoing change. This is very crucial role as it does not leave the employees ignored and rejected about the activities going on in the firm. The main focus of this role is to bring a right balance between the resources provided by the company and expectations of the employees. This brings about competency and efficiency among employees and also helps them in resolving their issue and problems faced in the organization on a routine basis. d) Administrative expert: According to this role, the HR staff performs the function of recruiting the employees or hiring them and handles the compensation issues, training

Life and Work of a Famous Greek Thinker Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Life and Work of a Famous Greek Thinker - Essay Example Aristotle was appointed the tutor to Alexander in 343 B.C (Williams 44). For three years he remained tutor to Alexander until the Prince turned 16. Not much is known of the relationship between Aristotle and Alexander, yet Alexander’s terrific career stands to be an apt testimony to the practicality of Aristotle’s philosophy. Aristotle resided in Athens in 335 B.C. to 323 B.C. It was in these 12 years that Aristotle wrote most of his works. However, after the death of Alexander, Aristotle had to flee from Athens to avoid persecution at the hands of Athenian rebels (Williams 53). As per some credible records, Aristotle died in 322 B.C (Williams 16). It is said that Aristotle wrote three treatises on ethics. However, two of them are today attributed to his disciples and it is the third one that is Nicomachean Ethics that is known to be written by Aristotle (Broadie 4). The views pertaining to ethics professed by Aristotle in this treatise present a good insight into the m indset of the mature and educated men of his age. In this treatise Aristotle lays out the principles by which the well behaved citizens need to conduct themselves. Till the late 17th century, Aristotle’s treatise on ethics had a great influence on the politics and statecraft and continued to be source of inspiration for the future scholars and statesmen (Broadie 5). One other treatise by Aristotle called Politics is regarded to be the very source of varied principles that held a great sway till the culmination of the Middle Ages (Weber 396). This treatise is not only a source of apt information regarding the ways of government in non-Hellenic States, but stood to be a pivotal instrument of defense of democracy in the times of Aristotle (Weber 396). The assumptions embedded in Politics not only were strongly entrenched in the Athens under Pericles, but the Aristotelian concept of governance by cultured gentlemen had its reverberations in Renaissance Age, till it was modified b y French Revolution and industrialism (Weber 397). Though Aristotle’s genius greatly influenced many aspects of the Greek civic life and the statecraft in the following ages, it was in the sphere of Logic that it reached its zenith (Ackrill 79). Aristotle’s dominance in logic flourished right through the Middle Ages, till he was accorded a dominion in the area of metaphysics by the Christian philosophers in the 13th century (Ackrill 80). Though Aristotle strain of Logic is today quiet antiquated, still many Catholic theologians, scientists and mathematicians prefer to adhere to his system (Ackrill 84). Aristotle’s doctrine of syllogism is the most important contribution by Aristotle to the field of Logic (Ackrill 80). When considering the contribution of Aristotle to modern sciences, two of his other works that are Physics and On the Heavens do need to be mentioned (Judson 19). These works greatly influenced the world of science in the Greek times and their domi nation continued till the times of Galileo (Judson 19). Aristotle’s views regarding planets and stars though were immensely influenced by the Pagan beliefs of his times were actually well received and accepted by the medieval Christians. Aristotle’s philosophy had a significant impact on both the Islamic and Western philosophy (Ackrill 9). Aristotle not only studied and meticulously delved on almost every subject and discipline existing in his times, but in fact made a significant contribution to the existing

Connections Essay Example for Free

Connections Essay The overall connection that I chose to analyze in this report was the importance of marriage, as it is an idea that is present in almost everybody’s life, and it is something that heavily impacts the nature of a society. Marriage is seen in society in both positive and negative ways, involving emotions from true love to bitterness. In the texts A Thousand Splendid Suns, by Khaled Hosseini, The Ballad of Calvary Street by James K Baxter, The Silk by Joy Cowley and Atonement directed by Joe Wright, this idea of the importance of marriage is clearly present in all of them, yet they are all shown so differently (negatively and positively) as to give examples of the ways that it is interpreted in different societies, and allow me to deduce the importance that this idea holds on a global scale. Romantic love is recognized in most societies by the practice of marriage. This is a prominent symbol in all the texts I have covered except for Atonement, where the absence of marriage is used to show the couple’s true love. In this film, we see that Cecelia and Robbie are in love, however a misunderstanding on the part of Cecelia’s sister, Briony, means that Cecelia and Robbie are prevented from marriage or even being together. This is shown as a particularly tragic incident, which shows the importance that society places on the process of marriage. This is also a very prominent idea in the novel, A Thousand Splendid Suns, which is set in Afghanistan. We see two women, Laila and Mariam, who are owned and controlled by their shared husband, and their lives literally rely on him, because as women, they are unable to attain independence due to their country’s beliefs. In Afghan society, marriage is a sacred business, and any sexual relations outside of marriage are greatly looked down upon, and the punishment for a female offender can be as severe as torture or death by the girl’s family or husband. This also shows the idea of the importance of marriage that is shown in Atonement, as marriage is seen as the pinnacle of happiness in both texts, However in A Thousand Splendid Suns it is shown in a more negative manner, with marriage being shown as an essential burden rather than a desire. Marriage is also shown as a necessity in the poem, The Ballad of Calvary Street, but for different reasons. In this poem, a poorly suited elderly couple stay together, to prevent the disruption of their family. This shows that even New Zealand society can view marriage as an important action, and a obligation in functional family life. This shows a similar idea to that in A Thousand Splendid Suns and Atonement, that marriage is a necessary action. In the short story The Silk, we see an elderly married couple, of which the husband is nearing death. The woman in the relationship is finding it hard to come to terms with her husbands impending demise, as she has a set routine which revolves around her and her husband’s relationship. This presents the idea that is shown in A Thousand Splendid Suns, Atonement and The Ballad of Calvary Street, that marriage is a prerequisite for a happy life, and it is a tragedy to be without it. In the Silk, we can tell that this married couple are truly in love from quotes such as, â€Å"she guarded him so possessively that she even resented the twice-weekly visits from the district nurse,† which shows the devoted way that they take care of each other, presenting the traditional idea of marriage. In Atonement, when childhood sweethearts Robbie and Cecelia are prevented from being together, we are struck by the tragedy of the fact that they will never be able to get married, and live out their lives together. This portrays the aspect of marriage that is shown in The Silk, that marriage is a symbol of the love between two people, and that it is a contract which binds the two people together for the rest of their lives, as we see Robbie and Cecelia denied of this entitlement. In today’s society, a happy couple who are in love are expected to get married. This relates to both The Silk and Atonement, as in both texts marriage is seen as a necessity for the happiness of the people involved, which further supports the idea that society regards marriage as particularly important. From these texts, society may be able to reassess its outlook on the controversial matter of gay marriage. The tragedy of Cecelia and Robbie’s separation that is shown in Atonement and the portrayal of the happiness involved in marriage that is shown in The Silk could be enough to convince the large portion of society that is against gay marriage that they are wrong, as in both texts marriage is shown as a component of happiness that should not be denied of anyone. The relationships and situations that are shown in the texts are not exclusive to heterosexual couples, and would translate just as well to homosexual relationships, meaning that the ideas attached to the texts can be applied to same-sex couples as well, and could have an influence on the opinion that people hold towards gay marriage. Unfortunately, marriage is not always a happy affair, as it is intended to be. This is plainly shown in the text The Ballad of Calvary Street, as we see an unfortunate couple who are forced to remain together due to the stigma attached to divorce. Quotes such as â€Å"Mum takes down the family files,† suggest that family is not an important thing to the couple, since they have fallen apart, but that they continue to treat it as such, as they consider it their duty as parents to remain married. This idea that marriage is a compulsory task is also shown in A Thousand Splendid Suns, as we see protagonist Laila is forced into marriage, for her own survival. Her husband knowingly takes advantage of her vulnerable situation, saying, â€Å"These days, times being what they are, a woman needs a husband,† showing that marriage can often take place for reasons other than love (as was shown in The Ballad of Calvary Street), and that this can easily be taken advantage of. This presents the idea that in many different societies, (New Zealand and Afghan), marriage is seen as an essential measure, even when one or both of the people involved in the relationship are unhappy. Although this is an unfortunate truth, it is one that must sometimes be accepted, as it is often present in today’s society. These texts could help people come to terms with the idea that marriage is not always a representation of love, as they show legitimate alternative reasons for marriage, (the stability of family life or the safety of a person in a certain community. ) This could benefit society as it would create an understanding and acceptance of the reality of marriage today. In conclusion, the idea of marriage is a common theme in many texts, including Atonement directed by Joe Wright, The Silk by Joy Cowley, A Thousand Splendid Suns by Khaled Hosseini and The Ballad of Calvary Street by James K Baxter. Although marriage is not always the quintessential act of love and can sometimes tell a tragic story, it is important that it is expressed in forms such as these texts so that society can reflect on its faults and hopefully improve its approach on the subject.

Importance of Operational Efficiency in an Organization

Importance of Operational Efficiency in an Organization 1. Executive summary Operational efficiency and its quality of providing service is most important factor whatever organization either production or service. That is most important part in any company operations whether it is business oriented or nonprofit oriented organizations also are highly concern their organizational growth and local and regional expansion of their operations. Mainly operational efficiency and performance is depending on the external environment drivers. Those external drivers are creating competition and intense of the among the industry player. Therefore future strategic planning, contingency plan, operation strategy is most important and playing vital role to face forthcoming changes. If the organization is not be able to manage those changes that happening in the originations and outside organization directly affect on operational efficiency of the organization. To face those environment changes most prudent strategies make adjustment in organization operating style and strate gies. That does will help to achieve organizations corporate objectives as planned. Mainly manufacturing service organizations are performing functions such as; Sales Marketing Human resource Operation Accounting Finance or treasury IT/Information department Logistic/branch management Channel management Internal auditing Risk management So called functions linking each other and having inter dependencies, no one can override those operational activities. Everybody work in the must focus on very well on operational activities. Because, at the end of year shareholders (investors) are raising questions at AGM, how much of amount of return generate by businesses and whether business operations went smoothly, what will be the future plans to deliver high rate of return for our investment and what type of operational strategy going to carryout to face the completion. So on frequently raise the questions by shareholders. Production and operation management was begun with industrialization. But it play vital role in the service sectors. In the contemporary world named it as Operation Management. Contribution of this subject is making bigger differences for business functions. Multinational local companies have established independent department to manage their operational activities very well. For an instance nowadays eme rging business is banking financial service company name called Nation Trust Bank. That bank routine operations are making huge impact on their business performance. That is because; bank performance is driven by its operational capacity style. Mainly employees and customers satisfaction are most important element to show outstanding performance and to attract the new customers. In this industry is driven by managing effectively whole operations of the business. Lack of operation management delivers poor performance. To provide remarkable service wider range of service related need to have well defined operations strategy to uplift business. This assignment report mainly focused on current practice of operation management banking industry and assignment contain the followings. Define operation management, its characteristic and playing role in banking financial service industry. Evaluate the goals and objectives are achieved in operation management objectives. Define systems in operations in relation to service and routine activities. Major resource, tools and systems that are supporting operations and to support quality of service of the bank. Analyzing importance of quality audit and implementation of quality management system in bank. Major weakness and explore opportunities to improve the bank service to satisfy the stake holders of the business. Making recommendation to capitalize the opportunities and avoid weakness of the bank. Conclusion of assignment 2. Define term of operations management According to literature production operation management are considering as one subject but in the current situation totally expert says about it as Operation management is subject that Design, execution and control firms operations that converts it resources into desired goods and services, and implement its business strategy and its define as another way The maintenance, control and improvement of organizational activities that are required to produce good or service. Operations Management deals with design and management of products, process, services and supply chains. It considers the acquisition, development, and utilization of resources that firms need to deliver the goods and services their client wants. First definition can be related the following diagram is simple operation of any organization. Feed Back Input inputs Service Process servicing process Out put Maximize customer satisfaction Employees Money (local foreign) Savings accounts Information Systems Open up Bank A/C Cashiering Credit card promotion Mortgaging Generate bank statements Buying selling of foreign currencies Happiest or loyal customer The above diagram we can see operations different operations in the input level, process level and output level. Therefore we can conclude that 2.1. Operation management from aspect of Nation Trust Bank To get analyze importance of operations of the bank the vision mission and values is helping out it Vision Making life simple by being the benchmark of convenience Mission Be innovative in continuously developing customer centric solutions. Unleash the talent of our team to be the best in the industry. Consistently grow market share and be the most profitable and respected Sri Lankan bank by 2015. Values Inspirational leadership Integrity in all our dealings Open communication Learning focused Meritocracy Prudent risk management Respect for all Innovation and continuous improvement Nurture relationships Socially and environmentally responsible Vision, mission and value are Nation Trust Bank (NTB) operational objectives in relation to corporate objective. Organization chart shows hierarchy of the departments Chairman Deputy Chairman Board of Directors CEO Corporate management Senior management Branch management Managers Operation management Corporate management overlooking the follwing functions Director/CEO DGM Retail Banking DGM SME Banking DGM Cards, Consumer Assets and Strategic Marketing DGM Corporate and Institutional Banking Chief Operating Officer Head of Legal and Company Secretary Chief Financial Officer Head of Human Resources Head of Credit and Market Risk Management Head of Internal Audit Consultant/Head of Treasury Consultant/Head of Operational Risk and Compliance Senior management overlooking functions are; Trade Services Branches and PBC Alternate Channels SME Banking and Factoring Cards and Consumer Assets Branch Operations and Credit Wholesale Banking Consumer Credit Risk and Collections Consumer Sales Treasury Services Leasing Corporate Banking Leasing Operations Management Information and Planning Cards Marketing Collections Central Operations Fixed Income Securities Leasing Zone 2 Leasing Recoveries Marketing Services Retail Banking Credit Delivery Channels Nations Insurance Brokers Technology Legal Credit Operations Credit Risk Corporate Banking Delivery Channels Leasing Zone 1 Internal Audit Infrastructure and Administration Business Banking Compliance and Financial Reporting Business Solutions Delivery Channels Credit Risk Leasing and Factoring By looking at the above orgnization chart and that functions, can get clear idea about the how its importace of the operaton mangement in the NTB operations. Here in the chief oprating officer and head operational risk is paly vital role of for the baking operations. They are responsible for the bank oprations as whole. Operational scope No of branches 40, No of leasing centers 9, No of ATM 43 , 6 personal banking centers as well as Internet Banking 2.2. SWOT analysis of NTB Strenght It is subsidiary of Jhon Keels group, idirectly they can gained group strenght. Reputed coporate brand name Coporate brand value is very high Has selected well profitable segment to provide the banking service Wider product portfolio Strong IT net work staff in every layer having experice More than 20yers experaince in that perticualr field. Carryingout more promotion Respect corporate governance Good Internal auditing risk management Weakness Faliures in th the IT system define some operations wrong manner Poor promotion Newly introdce gurnateed invetment paln will be fail because of it is irrational plan. More customer complins prices and products quality Few brach and ATM Suboptoimization is happening Employee discrimination Poor advertising in relation to market leader. Employee selections very static do not willing to new comers and do recruitment based on the personal contact. Poor strategic implication. Try to do mass scale promotion, it has failed Always try todepend group strenght Poor opertations of mini brach in the supermrkets Opportunities expansion opportunity in further in sri lanka in norht south ( war affected areas) Can be offered more differntiated Service by giving well traning for the staff. Customer driven promotion. Customer feed back system over the phone or by SMS,by mail. Rewarding system for employees Threat High competition in the banking industry. Overriding tax ruels and regulation by bank.may have legal risk for business. New management is do not more concern on the operations Paying high premius to get new business without cinsidering future feasibility. 2.3. Importance of operations management NTB To satisfy the share holders objectives Investors are expecting return by investing money on the banking business. If the bank is not generated sufficient of amount of return on the shareholders will not invest in the bank. Therefore its corporate objectives must design and link with operations. To defense the market share face the competition Another main importance area of the operation management is developing strategy to face the competition. To managing the risk of the business Mainly banks facing the following risk; Credit risk Market risk Asset Liability management risk. Operational Risk When look at all the risk are related with the operation with banking business, if bank the bank stopped their business operations there is no any risk to manage for them. Therefore, managing risk of the banking business should have smooth plan to manage the operations. To fulfill rules and regulation of governed by Central bank of the country To fulfill rules and regulation of governed company act and banking acts Supporting decision making Operational informations are giving support to make the decision making. As example to advertising effectiveness evaluate branded saving accounts can be used no of accounts opened up by customers on daily. To adapt new changes on technological information Technological environment is rapidly changing to adopt those changes ATM came into apply to increase banking operational efficiencies. 2.4. Performance analysis of the operations in relation to organization goals and objective External process changes (customer satisfaction) Personal banking service providing branches New investment plan offered by bank 24 hours banking facility Open mini branch in supermarket location. Online bank account opening systems SMS banking system Door step banking system Billing payment system via their mobile phone Internal process changes (to happy internal customers) new auditing system to analyze the business risk Make contract with the international HR consultancy firm for training development of staff. Policies have been changes when issuing loans Transferring staff between branches to reduce Giving good training for newly recruited employees regarding bank operations. To reduce bottlenecks IT system training was provided. To prevent hacking introduced new system PIN by IT 3. Routine banking operation and related resources, tool and systems in support to improve operation quality. As banks it having so many business process, that can be divided into two External business process Customer focused process Under this process defined that banking service which they provide to the customers. Those service are divided into 3 categories Corporate banking Personal banking Treasury Issue Letter of credit Current , saving and fixed deposit Foreign exchange dealings Shipping other guarantees Credit card Forward exchange booking Import export finance Debit cards Commercial paper SWIFT facility Branded Savings accounts Foreign currency swaps Syndicate loans Certificate of deposit Interest rate swaps Project financing Advice on foreign current market movement Securitization Salary remittance package Structuring , managing and underwriting of initial public offering and private placement of equity Housing loans Company valuation restructuring E exchange money transfer facility Structuring of Corporate debt instruments Holiday banking systems Working capital financing Red carpet banking system Bullion trading Off shore banking facility Leasing Internal business process Internal operation centric process Where mainly internal functions related process can be analyzed Marketing Management Ex. process of introduce of new product This the huge process from the idea generating and to launch to customers is having certain approval to procedure such as; Idea generating new service based products Evaluating feasibility with the market condition Getting approval from the Head of the marketing Head of the marketing and Director of the Marketing, brand manger discussing pros and cons of the product, brand name selection, effect of existing products and competitor response Finalized the approval brand name Registering to launch the product preparing budget and get approval for that brochures designing and making agreement with the ad agency Printing pass books Communicating to customers regarding the product via ad Get feed back from the customer Compare budgeted deposit or account to measure whether branches have achieved budgeted sales. Human resources management Opening new Branch fill the staff requirement Forecasting staff requirement Advertise regarding the vacancy application sorting and short listed candidates Call for the interview 1st interview for them and short listed for second interview Call for the second interview Select the right candidate for the job Giving the appointment letter Familiarizing for the organization via inductions Training for that candidate Permanent those staff Internal auditing system Here try to ensure that bank staff follow the procedure as planned and prescribed the accounts and finance. Here they evaluate Analyze search Fraud and errors Management auditing System auditing (IT) Accuracy of accounting entries Analyze search Ineffective accounting procedures Assets auditing Deposit management Under this category try to manage the deposit level with liquidity and profit. By balancing rules and regulations which are governed by central bank. Channel Development System This is described regarding new branch operation and development of customer service. Managing Assets Liability This also very important business process and functions in the banking operations managing their assets and liabilities. If these two are not balancing each other, the bank balance sheet will show impact on assets and liabilities. It should be managed by well qualified management account or fiancà © disciplined person. Otherwise bigger impacts made on the corporate image as well as destroy the customers relationship and may have position go out of the business. Ultimately it will makes huge impact banking system in the economy. Risk Management System major different risk component those are making bigger impact on the business continuation. According to bank information major risk rating as follows; Risk Areas Component of the risk Credit risk Default risk Security risk Sectoral exposure risk Legal risk Counterparty risk Cross border risk Sovereign risk Market risk and Asset Liability management risk. Interest rate risk Liquidity risk Exchange rate risk Investment risk Group financial risk Share price decline risk Country risk Operational Risk Employee behavioral risk such as omission, fraud, judgmental errors, negligence, etc. Disaster related risk Trained staff turnover risk Insider dealing risk Sensitive information leakage risk Lack of creativity and innovativeness Risk on MIS and IT related risks Planning Budget related risks Shortcoming in the organizational structure Credit rating falling risk Money laundering Risk of technological obsolesces Risk failing business volume and market share Risk is being overtaken and losing the leadership position Overtrading risk and risk of financial disintermediation When look at overall risk, high risk show by operational risk compare to other risk areas. Therefore, to analyze any type of these risks, need to have solid information to mitigate those risks in business operation. Operation management Operations managements are looking after following areas. Those are; Bank or branch opening procedure This is very important part in opening branches and head office. Opening must be done without authorized people. If not that is considered as misused of operational rule on the other hand it taken as illegal act. Therefore those rules regulation must very well. Cash handling process by cashiers Main cashier hand over cash to the counter cashier Get it signed on the log book Cashier log on the computer Carryout the day today operation (saving, withdrawals) Handover cash to main cashier after counting Fill the cash summary by using slip Main cashier reconcile the cash with slip Cash put into the safe box Managing bank electronic data Data management is major important part of business process. Bank decisions are making process based on this process. If there is an error in the data, outcome (information) is will be inaccurate, ultimately, made decision are delivering risk picture. Following the appropriate tool for quality assurance of the data applied by the banks; Describing data that is in the warehouse Specifying what In and out of data is warehouse business events scheduling extract based Documenting and monitoring data synchronization requirements Measuring validity quality of data Data process management and security management system for data building Capacity of the bank To improve productivity of service that providing process by bank need improve existing capacity in terms of ATMs, Branch and staff. Loan Management system The following process is involved in under the loan management; Analyzing suspension of the loan and advance Then made reservation or taking legal action to receiver those loans Managing the Finance of the bank Financial management process overlooking low cost funding sources and mainly following procedure also looking after by fiancà ©e manager Working capital management Corporate tax planning Analyzing Investments Debentures and Share issue Corporate planning Budgeting Bank corporate planning and budgeting strategies are followed by operations, main step that is following certain steps in the corporate, business and operations levels. Analyze the Vision, Mission, Goals and objectives of the bank Carryout position audit (SWOT) and environment analysis (PESTEEL) Generate strategic options Analyze strategic options are generated And Develop functional strategies such as finance, marketing, HR, operation, and IT to achieve corporate objectives. Such as Profitability (Profit before tax) return on capital employed of the bank Growth and Market share of the bank Customer satisfaction and value addition for service Quality of service 3.1. Analyzing and evaluating resources, tools and system to support in the quality operation Bank or any other business resources, tools and system can be divided into 3 categories based on value platform. Those are; Customer capital Structured (organizational) capital Human capital (Human Resources Customer loyalty Corporate brand name and it reputation Business collaboration Intellectual property Patents copy rights Design right Service mark Trade mark Infrastructure assets Management philosophy ,Corporate culture, Management process ,Information systems, Net working systems ,Financial relationship Know how (serving offering process) Education level of employee, Vocational qualification, Work related knowledge, Proactive and reactive abilities, Changeability, Occupational assessment 3.2 Define and implement quality management for bank Quality management defined by American Society for Quality Quality is the totality of features and characteristic of product or service that bear on its ability satisfy stated or implied needs. Banks can focus on their quality the following way. Quality of services or business can be measure by using the following methods; Six dimensional performance matrix Balance Score card systems Generic measurement 3.2.1. Six aspect or dimensional performance matrix Dimension of the performance Type of measures Competitiveness Relative market share Measure of customer base Deposit growth Financial performance Profitability Liquidity Capital structure Market ratios Quality of service Reliability Responsiveness Aesthetic/appearance Comfort Friendliness Courtesy Flexibility Volume flexibility Delivery speed flexibility Specification flexibility Resource utilization Productivity Efficiency Innovation Performance of the innovation process Performance of the individual performance 3.2.2. Balance scorecard (BSC) system BSC is identifying financial and non financial measures to evaluate quality of service. 4 pillars are representing by BSC. Those are; Customer perspectives Satisfaction of the customers Financial perspectives Satisfaction of Share holders Internal business process To satisfy both party what must be offered Learning and growth Improving, developing, changing process and procedures to satisfy all the parties in the organization to improve efficiency of the organizations continuously. 3.2.3. Generic measures system To evaluate service efficiency the following generic measures can be implement Generic Measures Type of measurement Service of Quality Access Easy to find out supermarket Appearance Staff appearance, well groomed Availability products availability Cleanness Gondolas and shelf must free from dust Competence Speed of cashiering Courtesy CSA must polite and respect to customers Responsiveness Response any queries Security personal security 3.3. Implementing quality management system (six sigma model) Improve any process performance either production process or service providing process. This model can be implemented and it has 5 steps. Step Define measures Step Measure Step Analyze Step Improve Step Control 4. Identifying Weakness and opportunities in the process 4.1.Weakness analysis and strategic implication Wrongly define some operations To collect the deposit banking assistant are sending to the outide banking premises, that is very risky because the rob or theft money. Faliures in th the IT system Banking industry one of the key driver is IT systms in those suystmens failutre affect couters, ATM or brnach operation. Therefore IT deparment need to take relavent action to prevent this kind of situations. Poor promotion Newly introdce gurnateed invetment paln will be fail because of it is irrational plan.We the customers are get calcualte benefit of the invesment plan, relizing bank try to make fool the new customerss. Therefore NTB need to evaluate that promotion of investment plan. Few brach and ATM To satisfy customers need exiating ATMs and branch are not adequate. Therefore top management need to increase number of ATMs and mini brach increse the customer service. Suboptoimization is happening Employee discrimination This always happen in the top management and they dont allow come with new ideas and try discriminte those people as headche for the bank. This is not acceptable level of pracite because of new ideas are helping to develp the bank service. That culture must changed by HR department. Poor advertising in relation to market leader Commercial bank is market leader in the banking industry but problem is that NTB is not spend sufficient amount of cost on advertising and they have selected brand ambassder as sport star that is not reflect imporatnce of the bank service. cost of staff training is very high and cust down other cost NTB has made an agreement with interanationl HRM consultancy firm to get trian the satff. But it is very cost. There are experianced firms are availble in locall to get bank staff training at resonable cost. That must be changed. Employee selections very static do not willing to new comers and do recruitment based on the personal contact. Junior and senior level staff recruitment is made via personal contact, that is not good practice, it will leads poor operational perfornances.That is need to be chaged by HR department. Poor strategic implication Competition of the banking inductry is very high and NTB strategies not capable enough to cope the competition. Try to do mass scale promotion, it has failed Promotion that made by using brand ambassader was not successful. Even the NTB advertising fail to highlight their major benefit of the each of bank accounts. That has already capitalized by other players of the industry. Always try todepend group strenght JKH is large conglomarate bunines group, therfore NTB try use the those group of companies money in their accounts as corporate accounts. But it will not be successful strategy, if any buisness will fail that will directly affect o on the bank operations. Poor opertations of mini brach in the supermrkets In the supermarket bank service expecting customers are very high, but mini branch is included 3 staff members they cant manage rush time banking operations. 4.2. Opportunities analysis and strategic implication Expansion opportunity in further in sri lanka in norht east ( war affected areas) There is an opportunity to open up new brach north east. Because of those areas high ended customer is having desire to get good banking service. Therefor NTB could capitalize that chance. Can be offered more differntiated Service by giving well traning for the staff NTB staff always having an attitude as most prestige bank, but they need change that attitude and need do differentiated bank service for the customers. Customer driven promotion. By analyzing most valuable customer, NTB must offer rewarding system such as; Interest excemeptions Gift vouchers Seasonal promotions on the minor accounts, Customer feed back system over the phone or by SMS,by mail. This will help to increase the customer satisfaction efficicny of the bank by merging with new technological development.That will help to increase the number of customers and reduce operational failures. Rewarding system for employees To motivate the employees need to have proper and stimulus arisen rewardign system to increase the sales and productivity 5. Conclusion According to the report and based on practical application of operation management, can be make the following conclusions Importance of the operations management will be increased in future This subject will be more developed and that knowledge need put into practice. Operation manager role of will highly important. HR department must play as supportive department in managing people to implement operational strategy Marketing department is play a bigger role when comes to the sales management or branch level operation. To improve the business performance and quality benchmarking need be practiced by any company. Most effective bench marking practice is industry based bench marking.

Landmines Essay examples -- Research Paper Violence Papers

Landmines On a beautiful, sunny morning in November 1994, an 11-year-old girl set out in search of firewood. Her grandmother had awakened her, warning that if she returned empty handed, there would be no food that day. Pausing under a shady tree, Amelia looked up and wondered if there was any way she could reach all those branches. Testing the possibility, she jumped. She missed the branches, but when she landed, there was a loud crack, like a lightning bolt. Amelia was immediately thrown back up into the air. She tumbled to the ground and passed out. It is very hard for Amelia to remember when she regained consciousness. People can usually remember the first face they see, but Amelia would never see again. She remembers feeling wet, drenched in her own blood, and hearing the voice of her grandmother -- praying between sobs. Most of all, she remembers the excruciating pain. Amelia lost her left leg, most of the fingers of her left hand and her eyesight. The account goes on to speak of her drive to live, but she cannot help wondering what is to become of her in a society that survives on physical labor. Despite her strong will, she knows she will always be a burden to her family, someone who eats but does not work. Amelia fell victim to an anti-personnel landmine, a silent killer hidden in the grass [1]. Amelia is by no means alone. Every month over 2,000 people are killed or maimed by mine explosions [2]. Most are civilians killed or injured long after hostilities have come to an end. The toll comes not only in human life, however. Also crippled by widespread use of landmines are the fragile economies of war-torn nations. The devastation continues for decades, long after all the battles have ended and all the soldiers h... ...pidemic of Landmine Injuries. (Geneva: ICRC, 1995). 5. Jody Williams. Landmines and Measures to Eliminate Them. (Geneva: ICRC, 1995). 6. International Committee of the Red Cross. Report of the International Committee of the Red Cross for the Review Conference of the 1980 United Nations Convention on Prohibition or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons which May Be Deemed to Be Excessively Injurious or to Have Indiscriminate Effects. (Geneva: ICRC, 1995). 7. Louise Doswald-Beck, Peter Herby, Johanne Dorais Slakmon. Basic Facts: The Human Cost of Landmines. (Geneva: ICRC, 1995). 8. Physicians for Human Rights. Landmines: A Deadly Legacy. (New York: Human Rights Watch, 1993). 9. United States Department of State. Hidden Killers: The Global Problem with Uncleared Landmines. (Washington DC: Department of State Publications, 1993).

The Wandering of King Lear’s Mother Essay -- King Lear Essays

The Wandering of King Lear’s Mother After he experiences all kinds of humiliation done by Goneril, and finds his messenger Kent in the stocks, King Lear, in Act 2 Scene 4, conjures up the â€Å"mother† to express his outburst of rage and physical symptom sensations: O! how this mother swells up toward my heart; Hysterica passio! down, thou climbing sorrow! Thy element’s below. Where is this daughter? (II.iv.56-58) Who is this â€Å"mother†? Or what is this â€Å"mother†? As many critics have identified, this â€Å"mother† is another name for the womb, matrix, or uterus. That the â€Å"mother swells up† points to the disease called hysteria. Yet, who is responsible for the rise or wandering of Lear’s â€Å"mother†? Does Lear experience some sort of gender confusion by conjuring up the â€Å"mother†? As Janet Adelman keenly points out, â€Å"The bizarreness of these lines has not always been appreciated; in them Lear quite literally acknowledges the presence of the sulphurous pit within him† (114). But still why do we want to focus on this â€Å"mother† after all? One thing is certain that the (m)othering of the â€Å"mother† is overwhelmingly sophisticated, to the extent that the â€Å"mother† is located in the inside of Lear’s body and her implicated wanderings can be traced throughout the whole play. For our purpose, the â€Å"mother† holds significant clues to our interpretive enterprise and her (m)othering must be handled with extreme care. 1. Introduction In Renaissance England, medical interest in hysteria dates from Edward Jorden’s publication of A Briefe Discourse of a Disease called the Suffocation of the Mother (1603). The title of the book suggests the disease called the â€Å"m... ... to bolster up male identity. Works Cited Adelman, Janet. Suffocating Mothers: Fantasies of Maternal Origin in Shakespeare’s Plays, Hamlet to The Tempest. New York: Routledge, 1992. Camden, Carroll. â€Å"The Suffocation of The Mother.† Modern Language Notes, 63.6 (June., 1948), 390-393. Jorden, Edward. A Briefe Discourse of a Disease Called the Suffocation of the Mother (London 1603). In Witchcraft and Hysteria in Elizabethan London. Ed. & introd. Michael MacDonald. London: Tavistock/Routledge, 1991. Shakespeare, William. King Lear. The Arden Shakespeare. Ed. Kenneth Muir. London: Methuen, 1972. Notes 1 As Carroll Camden argues, â€Å"Apparently a male who presented choking as a nervous symptom was, by analogy, said to be suffering from the same disease† (393). Carroll Camden, Modern Language Notes (June 1948).

My Personal Experience

It was about a month ago I was on the phone with my sister. She recently broke up with her boyfriend and now she say she ended her relationship with Shawn her bestrides since the fifth grade. Knowing that Darlene can sometimes be hasty in her decisions to end friendships rather than confront a problem (we once had a similar situation) I asked her if she was sure she was doing the right thing and had actually discussed this with Shawn. I remember the one time she confronting the robber meant unplugging my computer in the middle Of a research project and storming out of the apartment. )She assured me that she had and that surprisingly enough. Shawn agreed the friendship needed to be ended. It was hard she said. She pushed her two close friends away. But ,she added, she felt good. She felt strong and ready to grow in a new direction. While I was reflecting on this conversation. I thought about the friendships I have had in my life. Some were good, some bad. A few have lasted.However, co st have fallen apart either due to lack of communication or lack of mood. Sometimes like the situation above both parties understand the break. I don't regret much in my life and one of the things do not regret is saying goodbye in certain relationships/friendships. It is this aspect of friendships on which I will focus rather than the friends I still have or the friendships I wish I hadn't severed. These expired relationships often teach us just as much as the other types. Friends should not belittle or emotionally abuse you and/or only give and tot take.That is the reason several of my friendships have ended. There is also always the friends who take a separate path or resents you for taking yours. But whoever the reason friendships end. This is a good thing. Imagine all the emotional baggage, bad memories, and embarrassing people you would have to cart around with you forever. I have learned from the friendships I was in and how they taught me important lessons. I have learned th at people might be as supportive and loving as possible but only do it for their own purposes. Melanie told me she ether be Monday's friend.I realized that some people only want friends when they need them and can control them. Another friend named Carry taught me that some values and decisions can not be overloaded. Sometimes two people change so much that they can not remain friends. Do get sad and statistical when remember some of these friendships. There are times that I dearly miss my high school days with Andy. There are times miss the sleepovers with Tanana. There are also times when I wish Melanie and I could have separated responsibilities and feelings.However, when I get the emails that begin â€Å"l know we haven't talked in two years but or when I remember the reason the friendship ended in the first place. I briefly consider rekindling the friendship and then more often than not, realize that these times in my life have ended for a reason. Have like Darlene well grown and changed. Have became stronger and more compassionate in my treatment of others. These friends of the past have given me this gift. I am also who I am today because of the friends I no longer have.

Journal Entry African American Essay

Hello my precious unborn child. I am not really sure where to begin. The doctor is saying that I might not make it through this pregnancy but they will make sure you live to see this crazy world that we live in. I want to make sure that you understand your history and where you come from! What a journey our family has been through. They just don’t make it easy for an African American Family. Here we are and we have struggled just to make it here to the Deep South. We settled here in Ole Miss just like lots of other black folks and you would think that after they freed us from slavery they could just leave us be. I guess I should tell you a little about who we are and what we have been through so you have a clearer understanding. Well it started when we got here. Brought over on ships, our family was slaves to the white folk right here in Mississippi. There have always been stories told. Why, I remember when I was a little girl my grandma telling us the story of Nat Turner. (1998) He went on a rebellion right here in the South. He was on a mission fighting for what he believed in. He may not have gone about it the right way but he fought until his death on October 30, 1831. After that it seemed to be one person after the next until finally Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation. This was issued in 1863. (1998)This was a valiant attempt at freeing the slaves here in the United States but it technically only freed slaves in the states that were under the jurisdiction of the Confederacy. You would think that would make things better. Nope! There was a 12 year period after that that they worked hard on trying to make things fair for us. Your great-great-grandma was around through the reconciliation period. She said that we were finally awarded citizenship and in 1870 an amendment went in that stated you could not deny us the right to vote because of our race. (1998) My great-Grandma told us that just when things started looking up†¦It got worse. The Democrats came in and changed everything. They started doing every thing that they could to put us back to having no rights. But we as a race stayed as strong as we could. What you have to remember is that making our way in this world has been and remains a consistent struggle. We made leeway though! A young lady buy the name of Sophia Packard and Harriet Giles were able to establish a college for the â€Å"Negros† as the white folk like to call us. This was the first college for African American females. Spelman College’s goal at the time was merely to teach black women to read and write. And that they have done. But here I sit in 1963. A 33 year old female who isn’t sure what is going to be in her future. They call us free. I have to ask myself daily though, â€Å"Am I really free? † I mean we have separate schools. We eat in separate restaurants. (2010) They give us totally different bathrooms to use and all this is because of the color of my skin. I look at this world and I think to myself, â€Å"I put my clothes on the exact same way as everyone else. † Should the color of our skin really make things so much different for us? Every single day we have leaders out there fighting for what is fair and what is right. Take Martin Luther King for instance. (2007) He is on a mission. He is part of a group called the SCLC. (Southern Christian Leadership Conference) He has made major strides. I mean in Montgomery Alabama the black folks get to ride on the same buses with the same rights as the white folks. I can only hope that by the time that you grow up and are able to read and understand all this that you look at all this and have a hard time believing it. As I sit here and write to you and I look across the street of this tiny little home I live in I see the neighbors and in their front yard is a cross that someone has lit on fire. Why, because today he walked a white girl to school. Rumors started and now everyone knows that this little girl likes him. Yet he is being punished for it. It shouldn’t matter. If there is one thing that you need to know and one thing that I can teach you through this letter it is to be you. Know yourself. Never let anyone tell you that you can not do something. Most importantly, remember that loves has no boundaries. It sees no color. It does not understand hate. It does not segregate nor does it discriminate. I hope that you never have to endure the hardships that we have to endure during these trying times. Always remember to live with no regrets and never look back! I love you with all my heart-. Momma Works Citied Page African American Slavery (1998) Long Island University Retrieved from http://www. liu. edu/cwis/CWP/library/aaslavry. htm#turner Timeline Search for African American History (2010) Google Search Engine http://www. google. com/search? q=african+american+history&hl=en&sa=X&tbo=p&tbs=tl:1,tll:1850,tlh:1899&ei=lrPUS9avLoK78gbfpL3qDw&oi=timeline_histogram_nav&ct=timeline-histogram&cd=8&ved=0CIcBEMkBKAg History of African Americans Information Please Database. (2007) Pearson Education, Inc. Retrieved from http://www. infoplease. com/spot/bhmtimeline. html.

Argument essay on organic food Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Argument on organic food - Essay Example Researchers who used grapes grown under similar conditions of the two contrasts did this. The findings by the researchers who advocate for organic food simply indicated a similarity in nutrient except for chemicals employed in the production process of the conventional food production, which affect humans and the environment. This criticism based on traces doesn’t hold much since the effects on humans is almost negligible except for the young babies farther, the chemicals used are regulated thus barely any gets to the ecosystem to the non intended use. More specifically, considering fruits and vegetables, the application of pesticides eliminates the organisms that may otherwise destroy the crops. The crop, therefore, survives attack by the organisms. However, residues of pesticides are left on the crops in most cases. These residues have a potential health risk in small amounts whereby children are said to be more vulnerable. To curb this, recommendation by environmentalists are usually done for the consumption the products that are less sprayed. Nutrition is said to be more in organic food compared to the ordinary foods. This is according to a French study. However, ordinary food may also have a high content of nutrients in case they are grown in soil rich in minerals. For dairy and meat products, organic meat originates from genetically engineered treatment or using antibiotics. As such, it is said that organic milk has more vitamin levels due to the feeding based on fresh grass and clover (Manuel 3). Father, according to the British journal of nutrition, organic milk has the potential to improve lactating mother’s milk. It is, in addition that, milk produced though through organic method that is generally better for the environmental. The argument behind this is that, through this method, toxins have no leeway into

The Case for Health Care Reform Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Case for Health Care Reform - Research Paper Example The Medicare program is intended to cater to the healthcare needs of senior American citizens as well as disabled persons. There are four main parts that constitute the program. Part A and Part B cover hospital and medical insurance respectively; Part C offers flexibility whereas Part D covers the cost of Prescription drugs. The Medicaid program, on the other hand, was created to take care of the healthcare needs of those who are economically disadvantaged, but exceptions are made for special cases and circumstances. Put together, these two public healthcare programs give coverage to about 80 million American citizens, whereas the total population is more than 300 million. Moreover, the coverage extended by the two programs are for well-established medical conditions and well-entrenched treatments and procedures, thereby denying support for those patients who resort to emerging and innovative treatment regimes. Although these programs cost the federal government close to $800 billion and comprise 5.6 %of the nations GDP, they cover less than a third of the population and that too only for select medical conditions and treatments. It is a well-known fact that the United States healthcare system is one of the most inefficient among the advanced economies. Despite being the leading economic power, its ranks below Scandinavian countries Denmark, Norway and Sweden and Western European countries such as France, Britain, and Germany The costs incurred, health outcomes, etc. This is a clear indication that the predominant role played by private business corporations (in the form of hospitals and insurance companies) has hampered our healthcare system from meeting its full potential. In a well-functioning system, the private involvement will be limited to the extent that it brings efficiency and innovation to the system.  Ã‚